BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:icalendar-ruby CALSCALE:GREGORIAN METHOD:PUBLISH BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1927-charles-lindbergh DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19270101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19280101 DESCRIPTION:Charles Augustus Lindbergh was an American aviator\, military o fficer\, and author. On May 20–21\, 1927\, he made the first nonstop fli ght from New York to Paris\, a distance of 3\,600 miles (5\,800 km)\, fly ing alone for over 33 hours. His aircraft\, the Spirit of St. Louis\, was built to compete for the $25\,000 Orteig Prize for the first flight betwee n the two cities. Although not the first transatlantic flight\, it was the first solo crossing of the Atlantic and the longest at the time by nearly 2\,000 miles (3\,200 km)\, setting a new flight distance world record. T he achievement garnered Lindbergh worldwide fame and stands as one of the most consequential flights in history\, signalling a new era of internatio nal air transportation.\n\nLindbergh completed the first solo transatlanti c flight in May 1927 by piloting his monoplane Spirit of St. Louis from Ga rden City\, New York to Paris\, France.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C harles_Lindbergh SUMMARY:Charles Lindbergh END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1928-walter-chrysler DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19280101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19290101 DESCRIPTION:Walter Percy Chrysler was an American industrial pioneer in the automotive industry\, automotive industry executive\, and the founder and namesake of American Chrysler Corporation.\n\nIn 1928\, Chrysler oversaw a merger of his company\, Chrysler\, with Dodge before beginning work on t he Chrysler Building.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Chrysler SUMMARY:Walter Chrysler END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1929-owen-d-young DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19290101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19300101 DESCRIPTION:Owen D. Young was an American industrialist\, businessman\, law yer and diplomat at the Second Reparations Conference (SRC) in 1929 as a m ember of the Reparation Commission.\n\nYoung chaired a committee which aut hored 1929's Young Plan\, a program for settlement of German reparations a fter World War I.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_D._Young SUMMARY:Owen D. Young END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1930-mahatma-gandhi DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19300101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19310101 DESCRIPTION:Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was an Indian lawyer\, anti-colonial nationalist\, and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance t o lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule\ , which would later inspire movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā\, first applied to him in 1914 in South Africa\, is now used throughout the world.\n\nGandhi was the leader of In dia's independence movement. In 1930\, he led the Salt Satyagraha\, a 240- mile march to protest the imposition of taxes on salt by the British Raj.\ n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi SUMMARY:Mahatma Gandhi END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1931-pierre-laval DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19310101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19320101 DESCRIPTION:Pierre Jean Marie Laval was a French politician. He served as P rime Minister of France three times: 1931–1932 and 1935–1936 during th e Third Republic\, and 1942–1944 during Vichy France. After the war\, La val was tried as a Nazi collaborator and executed for treason.\n\nLaval wa s first appointed Prime Minister of France in 1931. He was popular in the American press at the time for opposing the Hoover Moratorium\, a temporar y freeze on World War I debt payments that was disliked in both France and the US.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Laval SUMMARY:Pierre Laval END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1932-franklin-d-roosevelt DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19320101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19330101 DESCRIPTION:Franklin Delano Roosevelt\, also known as FDR\, was the 32nd pr esident of the United States\, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving US president and the only one to have served mor e than two terms. His first two terms centered on combating the Great Depr ession\, while his third and fourth focused on US involvement in World War II. A member of the Democratic Party\, Roosevelt served in the New York S tate Senate from 1911 to 1913 and as the 44th governor of New York from 19 29 to 1932.\n\nRoosevelt won the 1932 US presidential election by a landsl ide\, defeating the incumbent\, Herbert Hoover.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.or g/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt SUMMARY:Franklin D. Roosevelt END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1933-hugh-s-johnson DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19330101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19340101 DESCRIPTION:Hugh Samuel Johnson was a United States Army officer\, business man\, speech writer\, government official and newspaper columnist. He was a member of the Brain Trust of Franklin D. Roosevelt from 1932 to 1934. He wrote numerous speeches for FDR and helped plan the New Deal. Appointed h ead of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) in 1933\, he was highly energetic in his "blue eagle" campaign to reorganize American business to reduce competition and raise wages and prices. Schlesinger (1958) and Ohl (1985) conclude that he was an excellent organizer\, but that he was also domineering\, abusive\, outspoken\, and unable to work harmoniously with h is peers. He lost control of the NRA in August 1934.\n\nIn 1933\, Johnson was appointed director of the National Recovery Administration. US Preside nt Franklin D. Roosevelt gave him the task of bringing industry\, labor an d government together to create codes of "fair practices" and set prices.\ n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_S._Johnson SUMMARY:Hugh S. Johnson END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1934-franklin-d-roosevelt-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19340101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19350101 DESCRIPTION:Franklin Delano Roosevelt\, also known as FDR\, was the 32nd pr esident of the United States\, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving US president and the only one to have served mor e than two terms. His first two terms centered on combating the Great Depr ession\, while his third and fourth focused on US involvement in World War II. A member of the Democratic Party\, Roosevelt served in the New York S tate Senate from 1911 to 1913 and as the 44th governor of New York from 19 29 to 1932.\n\nRoosevelt was President of the United States from 1933 to 1 945. In 1934\, Roosevelt's New Deal reforms were beginning to bring result s.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt SUMMARY:Franklin D. Roosevelt (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1935-haile-selassie DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19350101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19360101 DESCRIPTION:Haile Selassie I was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He rose to power as the Regent Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia under Empress Zewd itu between 1916 and 1930.\n\nSelassie was Emperor of Ethiopia in 1935\, w hen Italian forces invaded Ethiopia\, starting the Second Italo-Abyssinian War.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haile_Selassie SUMMARY:Haile Selassie END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1936-wallis-simpson DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19360101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19370101 DESCRIPTION:Wallis\, Duchess of Windsor\, was an American socialite and the wife of Prince Edward\, Duke of Windsor. Their intention to marry and her status as a divorcée caused a constitutional crisis that led to Edward's abdication.\n\nIn 1936\, Simpson's relationship with King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom led the king to abdicate the throne to marry her.\n\nht tps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallis_Simpson SUMMARY:Wallis Simpson END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1937-chiang-kai-shek DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19370101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19380101 DESCRIPTION:Chiang Kai-shek was a Chinese military commander\, revolutionar y\, and statesman who was President of the Republic of China from 1948 to 1975 and the head of the Nationalist government from 1925 to 1948. As the de facto leader of the Republic of China (ROC)\, he ruled the country thro ugh World War II and oversaw the relocation of its government to Taiwan fo llowing defeat in the Chinese Civil War.\n\nChiang was Premier of the Repu blic of China at the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937.\n\n https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek SUMMARY:Chiang Kai-shek END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1937-soong-mei-ling DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19370101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19380101 DESCRIPTION:Soong Mei-ling\, also known as Madame Chiang\, was the First La dy of the Republic of China as the wife of Chiang Kai-shek. The youngest o f the Soong sisters\, she played a prominent role in Chinese politics and foreign relations in the first half of the 20th century.\n\nSoong was wife of Chiang Kai-shek from 1927 until his death in 1975 and was active in ra llying support for the Republic of China in the US. Addressed as Madame Ch iang Kai-Shek by the magazine\, she was recognized together with her husba nd as "Man & Wife of the Year".\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soong_Mei -ling SUMMARY:Soong Mei-ling END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1938-adolf-hitler DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19380101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19390101 DESCRIPTION:Adolf Hitler was an Austrian-born German politician who was dic tator of Germany in the Nazi era from 1933 until his suicide in 1945. He r ose to power as the leader of the Nazi Party\, becoming the chancellor of Germany in 1933 and then taking the title of Führer und Reichskanzler in 1934. Germany's invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 under his leadersh ip marked the outbreak of the Second World War. Throughout the ensuing con flict\, Hitler was closely involved in the direction of German military op erations and was central to the perpetration of the genocide of about six million Jews in the Holocaust as well as the deaths of millions of other v ictims.\n\nAs Chancellor of Germany\, Hitler oversaw the unification of Ge rmany with Austria and the Sudetenland in 1938\, after the Anschluss and M unich Agreement respectively. Instead of a conventional portrait\, the cov er was an illustration by Rudolph von Ripper entitled "From the unholy org anist\, a hymn of hate".\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler SUMMARY:Adolf Hitler END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1939-joseph-stalin DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19390101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19400101 DESCRIPTION:Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin was a Soviet politician and revolut ionary who ruled the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death in 1953\, hold ing the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet U nion from 1922 to 1952 and the nation's Premier from 1941 to 1953. Initial ly presiding over an oligarchic one-party system that governed by pluralit y\, he ultimately became the de facto dictator of the Soviet Union by the 1930s. Ideologically committed to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism\, Stalin helped to formalise these ideas as Marxism–Leninism\; his ideolo gy represented by his policies based on Marxism-Leninism is known as Stali nism.\n\nIn 1939\, Stalin was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Premier of the Soviet Union. He oversaw the signing o f a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany before invading eastern Poland.\ n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalin SUMMARY:Joseph Stalin END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1940-winston-churchill DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19400101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19410101 DESCRIPTION:Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was a British statesman\, military officer\, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdo m from 1940 to 1945\, during the Second World War\, and again from 1951 to 1955. For some 62 of the years between 1900 and 1964\, he was a member of Parliament (MP) and represented a total of five constituencies over that time. Ideologically an adherent to economic liberalism and imperialism\, h e was for most of his career a member of the Conservative Party\, which he led from 1940 to 1955. He was a member of the Liberal Party from 1904 to 1924.\n\nChurchill was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the Dun kirk evacuation and the Battle of Britain.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wik i/Winston_Churchill SUMMARY:Winston Churchill END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1941-franklin-d-roosevelt-3rd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19410101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19420101 DESCRIPTION:Franklin Delano Roosevelt\, also known as FDR\, was the 32nd pr esident of the United States\, serving from 1933 until his death in 1945. He is the longest-serving US president and the only one to have served mor e than two terms. His first two terms centered on combating the Great Depr ession\, while his third and fourth focused on US involvement in World War II. A member of the Democratic Party\, Roosevelt served in the New York S tate Senate from 1911 to 1913 and as the 44th governor of New York from 19 29 to 1932.\n\nRoosevelt was President of the United States in 1941 during the attack on Pearl Harbor\, declaration of war against Japan and resulti ng entry of the United States into World War II. The editors had already c hosen Dumbo as their "Mammal of the Year" before the Pearl Harbor attack\, but quickly changed it to Roosevelt.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra nklin_D._Roosevelt SUMMARY:Franklin D. Roosevelt (3rd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1942-joseph-stalin-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19420101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19430101 DESCRIPTION:Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin was a Soviet politician and revolut ionary who ruled the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death in 1953\, hold ing the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet U nion from 1922 to 1952 and the nation's Premier from 1941 to 1953. Initial ly presiding over an oligarchic one-party system that governed by pluralit y\, he ultimately became the de facto dictator of the Soviet Union by the 1930s. Ideologically committed to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism\, Stalin helped to formalise these ideas as Marxism–Leninism\; his ideolo gy represented by his policies based on Marxism-Leninism is known as Stali nism.\n\nStalin was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union\, overseeing the Battle of Stalingrad (1942–1943) and Second Batt le of Kharkov.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalin SUMMARY:Joseph Stalin (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1943-george-c-marshall DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19430101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19440101 DESCRIPTION:General of the Army George Catlett Marshall Jr. was an American military officer and diplomat. He rose through the United States Army to become Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army under presidents Franklin D. Roosev elt and Harry S. Truman\, then served as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense under Truman. Winston Churchill lauded Marshall as the "organiz er of victory" for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II. D uring the subsequent year\, he unsuccessfully tried to prevent the continu ation of the Chinese Civil War. As Secretary of State\, Marshall advocated for a U.S. economic and political commitment to post-war European recover y\, including the Marshall Plan that bore his name. In recognition of this work\, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953\, the only Army gener al ever to receive the honor.\n\nAs United States Army Chief of Staff in 1 943\, General Marshall was instrumental in organizing US actions in World War II.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_C._Marshall SUMMARY:George C. Marshall END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1944-dwight-d-eisenhower DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19440101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19450101 DESCRIPTION:Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was the 34th president of the Uni ted States\, serving from 1953 to 1961. In his previous military career\, he commanded the Allied Expeditionary Force during World War II\, includin g in Operation Torch in North Africa and Operation Overlord on D-Day in No rmandy. For his distinguished service in the U.S. Army\, Eisenhower was ho nored with the five-star rank of General of the Army.\n\nGeneral Eisenhowe r was Supreme Allied Commander in Europe during 1944's Operation Overlord. \n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower SUMMARY:Dwight D. Eisenhower END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1945-harry-s-truman DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19450101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19460101 DESCRIPTION:Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States\, s erving from 1945 to 1953. As the 34th vice president in 1945\, he assumed the presidency upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in April. Truman se t up the Marshall Plan to rebuild the badly damaged economy of Western Eur ope. He established the Truman Doctrine and supported the founding of NATO to contain the expansion of Soviet communism. A member of the Democratic Party\, he proposed numerous New Deal coalition liberal domestic reforms\, but few were enacted by the conservative coalition that dominated the Uni ted States Congress.\n\nTruman became President of the United States after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1945\, authorizing the atomic bombi ngs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_S._T ruman SUMMARY:Harry S. Truman END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1946-james-f-byrnes DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19460101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19470101 DESCRIPTION:James Francis Byrnes was an American judge and politician from South Carolina. A member of the Democratic Party\, he served in the U.S. C ongress and on the U.S. Supreme Court\, as well as in the executive branch \, most prominently as the 49th U.S. Secretary of State under President Ha rry S. Truman. Byrnes was also the 104th governor of South Carolina.\n\nIn 1946\, Byrnes was United States Secretary of State during the Iran crisis of 1946\, taking an increasingly hardline position in opposition to Stali n. His speech\, "Restatement of Policy on Germany"\, set the tone of futur e US policy\, repudiating the Morgenthau Plan economic policies and giving Germans hope for the future.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_F._By rnes SUMMARY:James F. Byrnes END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1947-george-c-marshall-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19470101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19480101 DESCRIPTION:General of the Army George Catlett Marshall Jr. was an American military officer and diplomat. He rose through the United States Army to become Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army under presidents Franklin D. Roosev elt and Harry S. Truman\, then served as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense under Truman. Winston Churchill lauded Marshall as the "organiz er of victory" for his leadership of the Allied victory in World War II. D uring the subsequent year\, he unsuccessfully tried to prevent the continu ation of the Chinese Civil War. As Secretary of State\, Marshall advocated for a U.S. economic and political commitment to post-war European recover y\, including the Marshall Plan that bore his name. In recognition of this work\, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953\, the only Army gener al ever to receive the honor.\n\nAppointed United States Secretary of Stat e in 1947\, Marshall was the architect of the Marshall Plan.\n\nhttps://en .wikipedia.org/wiki/George_C._Marshall SUMMARY:George C. Marshall (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1948-harry-s-truman-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19480101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19490101 DESCRIPTION:Harry S. Truman was the 33rd president of the United States\, s erving from 1945 to 1953. As the 34th vice president in 1945\, he assumed the presidency upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt in April. Truman se t up the Marshall Plan to rebuild the badly damaged economy of Western Eur ope. He established the Truman Doctrine and supported the founding of NATO to contain the expansion of Soviet communism. A member of the Democratic Party\, he proposed numerous New Deal coalition liberal domestic reforms\, but few were enacted by the conservative coalition that dominated the Uni ted States Congress.\n\nTruman was elected President of the United States in 1948\, which is considered to be one of the greatest election upsets in American history.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_S._Truman SUMMARY:Harry S. Truman (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1949-winston-churchill-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19490101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19500101 DESCRIPTION:Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was a British statesman\, military officer\, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdo m from 1940 to 1945\, during the Second World War\, and again from 1951 to 1955. For some 62 of the years between 1900 and 1964\, he was a member of Parliament (MP) and represented a total of five constituencies over that time. Ideologically an adherent to economic liberalism and imperialism\, h e was for most of his career a member of the Conservative Party\, which he led from 1940 to 1955. He was a member of the Liberal Party from 1904 to 1924.\n\nProclaimed as the "Man of the half-century"\, Churchill had led B ritain and the Allies to victory in WWII. In 1949\, Churchill was Leader o f the Opposition.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winston_Churchill SUMMARY:Winston Churchill (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1950-the-american-fighting-man DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19500101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19510101 DESCRIPTION:The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the U nited States. United States federal law establishes six armed forces: the Army\, Marine Corps\, Navy\, Air Force\, Space Force\, and Coast Guard\, e ach assigned specific roles and operational domains. With the exception of the Coast Guard\, which operates under the Department of Homeland Securit y (DHS) in peacetime\, the services are organized under the Department of Defense (DoD).\n\nRepresenting US troops involved in the Korean War (1950 –1953)\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_the_United_States SUMMARY:The American fighting-man END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1951-mohammad-mosaddegh DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19510101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19520101 DESCRIPTION:Mohammad Mosaddegh was an Iranian politician\, author and lawye r who served as the prime minister of Iran from 1951 to 1953\, elected by the 16th Majlis. He was elected to the Iranian parliament in 1923 and serv ed through a contentious 1952 election into the 17th Iranian Majlis\, unti l his government was overthrown in the 1953 Iranian coup d'état aided by the intelligence agencies of the United Kingdom (MI6) and the United State s (CIA)\, led by Kermit Roosevelt Jr. As prime minister\, he implemented p olicies that came to be known as Mosaddeghism.\n\nIn 1951\, Mosaddegh was appointed Prime Minister of Iran and expelled Western oil companies\, star ting the Abadan Crisis.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddeg h SUMMARY:Mohammad Mosaddegh END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1952-elizabeth-ii DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19520101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19530101 DESCRIPTION:Elizabeth II was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonw ealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen r egnant of 32 sovereign states during her lifetime and was the monarch of 1 5 realms at her death. Her reign of 70 years and 214 days is the longest o f any British monarch\, the second-longest of any sovereign state\, and th e longest of any queen regnant in history.\n\nIn 1952\, Elizabeth acceded to the throne of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms upon the death of her father\, King George VI.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wik i/Elizabeth_II SUMMARY:Elizabeth II END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1953-konrad-adenauer DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19530101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19540101 DESCRIPTION:Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer was a German statesman and polit ician who served as the first chancellor of West Germany from 1949 to 1963 . From 1946 to 1966\, he was the first leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU)\, a newly founded Christian democratic party\, which became th e dominant force in the country under his leadership. Adenauer is consider ed one of the founding fathers of the European Union.\n\nIn 1953\, Adenaue r was re-elected as Chancellor of West Germany. Adenauer was overseeing th e reconstruction of Germany and the Economic Miracle\, had successfully re stored relations with Germany's wartime enemies in the West\, and was work ing towards European integration.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konrad_ Adenauer SUMMARY:Konrad Adenauer END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1954-john-foster-dulles DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19540101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19550101 DESCRIPTION:John Foster Dulles was an American politician\, lawyer\, and di plomat who served as United States secretary of state under President Dwig ht D. Eisenhower from 1953 until his resignation in 1959. A member of the Republican Party\, he was briefly a U.S. senator from New York in 1949. Du lles was a significant figure in the early Cold War era who pushed for an aggressive rollback campaign against communist regimes and their allies th roughout the world.\n\nAs United States Secretary of State in 1954\, Dulle s was architect of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization.\n\nhttps://en.w ikipedia.org/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles SUMMARY:John Foster Dulles END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1955-harlow-curtice DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19550101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19560101 DESCRIPTION:Harlow Herbert Curtice was an American automotive industry exec utive who led General Motors (GM) from 1953 to 1958. As GM's chief\, he wa s selected as Man of the Year for 1955 by Time magazine.\n\nCurtice was Pr esident of GM (General Motors) from 1953 to 1958. In 1955\, GM sold five m illion vehicles and became the first corporation to earn US$1 billion in a single year.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harlow_Curtice SUMMARY:Harlow Curtice END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1956-the-hungarian-freedom-fighter DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19560101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19570101 DESCRIPTION:The Hungarian Revolution of 1956\, also known as the Hungarian Uprising\, was an attempted countrywide revolution against the government of the Hungarian People's Republic (1949–1989) and the policies caused b y the government's subordination to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic s (USSR). The uprising lasted 15 days before being crushed by Soviet tanks and troops on 7 November 1956. Thousands were killed or wounded\, and nea rly a quarter of a million Hungarians fled the country.\n\nRepresenting Hu ngarian revolutionaries involved in the 1956 uprising against the Soviet-d ominated government\, which was put down by the Soviet Army.\n\nhttps://en .wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956 SUMMARY:The Hungarian freedom fighter END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1957-nikita-khrushchev DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19570101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19580101 DESCRIPTION:Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev was the First Secretary of the Co mmunist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and the Chairman of th e Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. As leader of the Soviet Union\, he shocked the world by denouncing his predecessor Joseph Stalin\, embarki ng on a campaign of de-Stalinization\, and presiding over the Cuban Missil e Crisis in 1962.\n\nIn 1957\, Khrushchev consolidated his leadership of t he Soviet Union\, surviving a plot to dismiss him by Stalinist members wit hin the Presidium\, and leading the Soviet Union into the Space Race with the launch of Sputnik 1.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikita_Khrushche v SUMMARY:Nikita Khrushchev END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1958-charles-de-gaulle DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19580101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19590101 DESCRIPTION:Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle was a French general and statesman who led the Free French Forces against Nazi Germany and its pupp et state of Vichy France in World War II and chaired the Provisional Gover nment of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 to restore democracy in Fra nce. Following the 1958 Algiers putsch\, he came out of retirement at the request of President René Coty\, who appointed him Prime Minister. He com missioned a new 1958 French constitution which was approved by voters in a swift majority\, during a referendum\, establishing the French Fifth Repu blic. He was subsequently elected the President of France later that year\ , a position he held until his resignation in 1969.\n\nDe Gaulle was appoi nted Prime Minister of France in May 1958 and\, following the collapse of the Fourth Republic and establishment of the Fifth Republic\, was then ele cted as President of France in December.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Charles_de_Gaulle SUMMARY:Charles de Gaulle END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1959-dwight-d-eisenhower-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19590101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19600101 DESCRIPTION:Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was the 34th president of the Uni ted States\, serving from 1953 to 1961. In his previous military career\, he commanded the Allied Expeditionary Force during World War II\, includin g in Operation Torch in North Africa and Operation Overlord on D-Day in No rmandy. For his distinguished service in the U.S. Army\, Eisenhower was ho nored with the five-star rank of General of the Army.\n\nEisenhower was Pr esident of the United States from 1953 to 1961. In 1959\, Eisenhower arran ged the state visit by Nikita Khrushchev to the United States and toured s everal countries\, becoming the first US president to visit India.\n\nhttp s://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower SUMMARY:Dwight D. Eisenhower (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1960-u-s-scientists DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19600101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19610101 DESCRIPTION:Science and technology in the United States has a long history\ , producing many important figures and developments in the field. The Unit ed States of America came into being around the Age of Enlightenment\, an era in Western philosophy in which writers and thinkers\, rejecting the pe rceived superstitions of the past\, instead chose to emphasize the intelle ctual\, scientific and cultural life\, centered upon the 18th century\, in which reason was advocated as the primary source for legitimacy and autho rity. Enlightenment philosophers envisioned a "republic of science\," wher e ideas would be exchanged freely and useful knowledge would improve the l ives of all citizens.\nThe United States Constitution itself reflects the desire to encourage scientific creativity. It gives the United States Cong ress the power "to promote the progress of science and useful arts\, by se curing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to t heir respective writings and discoveries." This clause formed the basis fo r the U.S. patent and copyright systems\, whereby creators of original art and technology would get a government granted monopoly\, which after a li mited period would become free to all citizens\, thereby enriching the pub lic domain.\n\nTime claimed in 1960 "science is at the apogee of its power for good or evil"\, although it noted that "the 15 men [on the cover] inc lude two or three whose greatest work is probably behind them".\n\nhttps:/ /en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_States SUMMARY:U.S. Scientists END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1961-john-f-kennedy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19610101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19620101 DESCRIPTION:John Fitzgerald Kennedy\, also known as JFK\, was the 35th pres ident of the United States\, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. He was the youngest person elected president\, at 43 years\, and the first Catholic president. Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War\, and the majority of his foreign policy concerned relations with the Soviet Union and Cuba. A member of the Democratic Party\, Kennedy represented Ma ssachusetts in both houses of the United States Congress before his presid ency.\n\nKennedy was inaugurated as President of the United States in 1961 \, ordering the failed invasion of Cuba by U.S.-trained Cuban exiles.\n\nh ttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy SUMMARY:John F. Kennedy END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1962-john-xxiii DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19620101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19630101 DESCRIPTION:Pope John XXIII was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign o f Vatican City from 28 October 1958 until his death on 3 June 1963.\n\nPop e of the Roman Catholic Church from 1958 to 1963. In 1962\, he volunteered as a mediator in the Cuban Missile Crisis between the U.S. and USSR\, gai ning praise from both sides. He also initiated the Second Vatican Council that same year.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII SUMMARY:John XXIII END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1963-martin-luther-king-jr DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19630101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19640101 DESCRIPTION:Martin Luther King Jr. was an American civil rights activist an d Baptist minister who was a prominent leader of the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968. He advanced civil rights for p eople of color in the United States through the use of nonviolent resistan ce and civil disobedience against Jim Crow laws and other forms of legaliz ed discrimination\, which most commonly affected African Americans.\n\nA l eader of the American Civil rights movement\, King delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Lut her_King_Jr. SUMMARY:Martin Luther King Jr. END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1964-lyndon-b-johnson DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19640101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19650101 DESCRIPTION:Lyndon Baines Johnson\, also known as LBJ\, was the 36th presid ent of the United States\, serving from 1963 to 1969. He served as the 37t h vice president under John F. Kennedy from 1961 to 1963\, before assuming the presidency upon Kennedy's assassination. A Democrat from Texas\, John son served in Congress until 1961\, where he built a reputation as a talen ted and persuasive legislator. His presidency saw the passing of landmark civil rights legislation including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Vo ting Rights Act of 1965\, the creation of "Great Society" programs such as Medicare and Medicaid\, and a major escalation in U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.\n\nJohnson was elected in his own right as President of the United States in 1964\, secured the passage of the Civil Rights Act\, decl ared a War on Poverty\, and escalated US involvement in the Vietnam War.\n \nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson SUMMARY:Lyndon B. Johnson END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1965-william-westmoreland DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19650101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19660101 DESCRIPTION:William Childs Westmoreland was a United States Army general\, most notably the commander of United States forces during the Vietnam War from 1964 to 1968. He later served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1968 to 1972.\n\nGeneral Westmoreland was commander of US forces in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki /William_Westmoreland SUMMARY:William Westmoreland END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1966-the-inheritor DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19660101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19670101 DESCRIPTION:Baby boomers\, often shortened to boomers\, are the demographic cohort preceded by the Silent Generation and followed by Generation X. Th e generation is often defined as people born from 1946 to 1964. These year s span the mid-20th-century baby boom that followed the end of World War I I. The dates\, the demographic context\, and the cultural identifiers may vary by country. Most boomers are the parents of Generation X\, Millennial s and older Generation Z.\n\nRepresenting a generation of American men and women\, aged 25 and under – the Baby Boom generation\, who in 1966 made up nearly half the population and were influential both in the countercul ture of the 1960s and as drafted soldiers in the Vietnam War. The face mos t prominently seen on the cover representing the generation was that of Th omas M. McLaughlin.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baby_boomers SUMMARY:The Inheritor END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1967-lyndon-b-johnson-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19670101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19680101 DESCRIPTION:Lyndon Baines Johnson\, also known as LBJ\, was the 36th presid ent of the United States\, serving from 1963 to 1969. He served as the 37t h vice president under John F. Kennedy from 1961 to 1963\, before assuming the presidency upon Kennedy's assassination. A Democrat from Texas\, John son served in Congress until 1961\, where he built a reputation as a talen ted and persuasive legislator. His presidency saw the passing of landmark civil rights legislation including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Vo ting Rights Act of 1965\, the creation of "Great Society" programs such as Medicare and Medicaid\, and a major escalation in U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.\n\nJohnson was President of the United States from 1963 to 1 969. Time noted that it had been a year of setbacks and failures for Johns on\, with race riots across the US\, deepening involvement in the Vietnam War\, and the Dump Johnson movement within his own party.\n\nhttps://en.wi kipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson SUMMARY:Lyndon B. Johnson (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1968-the-apollo-8-astronauts DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19680101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19690101 DESCRIPTION:Apollo 8 was the first crewed spacecraft to leave Earth's gravi tational sphere of influence\, and the first human spaceflight to reach th e Moon. The crew orbited the Moon ten times without landing and then retur ned to Earth. The three astronauts—Frank Borman\, Jim Lovell\, and Willi am Anders—were the first humans to see and photograph the far side of th e Moon and an Earthrise.\n\nIn 1968\, the American crew of Apollo 8 (Willi am Anders\, Frank Borman and Jim Lovell) became the first humans to travel beyond low Earth orbit\, orbiting the Moon and paving the way for the fir st human Moon landings in 1969.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_8 SUMMARY:The Apollo 8 astronauts END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1969-the-middle-americans DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19690101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19700101 DESCRIPTION:Middle America is a colloquial term for the United States heart land\, especially the culturally suburban areas of the United States\, typ ically the lower Midwestern region of the country\, which consists of Ohio \, Indiana\, Iowa\, Nebraska\, Kansas\, Missouri\, \nand downstate Illinoi s.\n\nConservative\, small-town Americans\, also referred to as the silent majority. Time saw Middle America as the driving force behind Richard Nix on's 1968 election win\, the background of the American astronauts of Apol lo 11\, and the conservative side of debates on social issues such as scho ol desegregation\, prayer in public schools\, sex education and drugs poli cy.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_America_%28United_States%29 SUMMARY:The Middle Americans END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1970-willy-brandt DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19700101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19710101 DESCRIPTION:Willy Brandt was a German politician and statesman who was lead er of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and c oncurrently served as the chancellor of West Germany from 1969 to 1974. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1971 for his efforts to strengthen c ooperation in Western Europe through the EEC and to achieve reconciliation between West Germany and the countries of Eastern Europe. He was the firs t Social Democratic chancellor since 1930.\n\nAs Chancellor of West German y\, Brandt was acknowledged for "seeking to bring about a fresh relationsh ip between East and West" through his "bold approach to the Soviet Union a nd the East Bloc". In 1970\, Brandt renounced German claims on Poland and recognized East Germany\, and acknowledged the Holocaust in Nazi-occupied Poland with the symbolic Kniefall von Warschau.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.or g/wiki/Willy_Brandt SUMMARY:Willy Brandt END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1971-richard-nixon DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19710101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19720101 DESCRIPTION:Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th president of the United Stat es\, serving from 1969 until his resignation in 1974. A member of the Repu blican Party\, he represented California in both houses of the United Stat es Congress before serving as the 36th vice president under President Dwig ht D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1961. His presidency saw the reduction of U. S. involvement in the Vietnam War\, détente with the Soviet Union and Chi na\, the Apollo 11 Moon landing\, and the establishment of the Environment al Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Ni xon's second term ended early when he became the only U.S. president to re sign from office\, as a result of the Watergate scandal.\n\nNixon was Pres ident of the United States from 1969 to 1974. In 1971\, Nixon had withdraw n the US dollar from the gold standard\, triggering the Nixon shock\, crea ted the Economic Stabilization Program\, and re-opened relations with comm unist China.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon SUMMARY:Richard Nixon END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1972-richard-nixon-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19720101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19730101 DESCRIPTION:Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th president of the United Stat es\, serving from 1969 until his resignation in 1974. A member of the Repu blican Party\, he represented California in both houses of the United Stat es Congress before serving as the 36th vice president under President Dwig ht D. Eisenhower from 1953 to 1961. His presidency saw the reduction of U. S. involvement in the Vietnam War\, détente with the Soviet Union and Chi na\, the Apollo 11 Moon landing\, and the establishment of the Environment al Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Ni xon's second term ended early when he became the only U.S. president to re sign from office\, as a result of the Watergate scandal.\n\nAs President o f the United States\, Nixon visited China in 1972\, the first U.S. preside nt to do so. Nixon later secured the SALT I pact with the Soviet Union bef ore being re-elected in one of the largest landslide election victories in American history.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon SUMMARY:Richard Nixon (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1972-henry-kissinger DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19720101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19730101 DESCRIPTION:Henry Alfred Kissinger was an American diplomat\, political sci entist\, and politician. A member of the Republican Party\, he served as t he 7th national security advisor from 1969 to 1975 and as the 56th United States secretary of state from 1973 to 1977\, serving under presidents Ric hard Nixon and Gerald Ford.\n\nKissinger\, as Nixon's National Security Ad visor\, traveled with the President to China in 1972\, and was negotiating peace in the Vietnam War.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissinge r SUMMARY:Henry Kissinger END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1973-john-sirica DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19730101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19740101 DESCRIPTION:John Joseph Sirica was an American lawyer and jurist who was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the D istrict of Columbia from 1957 to 1992. Sirica became known in the early 19 70s for presiding over the federal criminal trials relating to the origins of the Watergate scandal\, which eventually led to the resignation of Pre sident Richard Nixon.\n\nIn 1973\, as Chief Judge of the United States Dis trict Court for the District of Columbia\, Sirica ordered President Nixon to turn over Watergate-related recordings of White House conversations.\n\ nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sirica SUMMARY:John Sirica END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1974-faisal DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19740101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19750101 DESCRIPTION:Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 until his assassination in 1975. Before his ascension\, he served as Crow n Prince of Saudi Arabia from 1953 to 1964\, and he was briefly regent to his half-brother King Saud in 1964. He was prime minister from 1954 to 196 0 and from 1962 to 1975. Faisal was the third son of King Abdulaziz\, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia.\n\nFaisal\, King of Saudi Arabia\, was ack nowledged in the wake of the oil crisis\, which arose when Saudi Arabia wi thdrew its oil from world markets to protest Western support for Israel du ring the Yom Kippur War.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_ Arabia SUMMARY:Faisal END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1975-american-women DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19750101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19760101 DESCRIPTION:Highlighting the successes of the American feminist movement an d "the status of the everyday\, usually anonymous woman\, who moved into t he mainstream of jobs\, ideas and policy making". SUMMARY:American women END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1976-jimmy-carter DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19760101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19770101 DESCRIPTION:James Earl Carter Jr. was an American politician and humanitari an who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981 . A member of the Democratic Party\, Carter served as the 76th governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975 and in the Georgia State Senate from 1963 to 19 67. He lived longer than any other president in U.S. history\, reaching ag e 100.\n\nIn 1976\, Carter was elected President of the United States\, de feating incumbent President Gerald Ford.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Jimmy_Carter SUMMARY:Jimmy Carter END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1977-anwar-sadat DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19770101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19780101 DESCRIPTION:Muhammad Anwar es-Sadat was an Egyptian politician and military officer who was the third president of Egypt from 1970 until his assassin ation in 1981. A former member of the Free Officers movement\, Sadat was v ice president under Gamal Abdel Nasser on two occasions and assumed the of fice on Nasser's death in 1970.\n\nSadat\, as President of Egypt\, travele d to Israel in 1977—the first Arab leader to do so—to discuss normaliz ation of relations of both countries.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anw ar_Sadat SUMMARY:Anwar Sadat END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1978-deng-xiaoping DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19780101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19790101 DESCRIPTION:Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese statesman\, revolutionary\, and pol itical theorist who served as the paramount leader of the People's Republi c of China (PRC) from 1978 to 1989. Emerging as China's most influential f igure after Mao Zedong's death in 1976\, Deng consolidated political power and guided the country into an era of reform and opening up that transiti oned the nation toward a socialist market economy. Credited as the "archit ect of modern China"\, he is recognized for shaping both socialism with Ch inese characteristics and Deng Xiaoping Theory.\n\nDeng\, as Vice Premier\ , overthrew Hua Guofeng to assume de facto control over China in 1978\, as Paramount leader.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping SUMMARY:Deng Xiaoping END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1979-ruhollah-khomeini DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19790101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19800101 DESCRIPTION:Ruhollah Mostafavi Khomeini was an Iranian politician and Shia cleric who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the leader of the Iranian Revolution\, which overthr ew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi\, ended the Pahlavi era\, and transformed the cou ntry into an Islamic republic. As supreme leader\, he implemented policies that came to be known as Khomeinism.\n\nKhomeini led the Iranian Revoluti on\, overthrew Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi\, establishing himself as Suprem e Leader.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini SUMMARY:Ruhollah Khomeini END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1980-ronald-reagan DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19800101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19810101 DESCRIPTION:Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and actor who s erved as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. A memb er of the Republican Party\, he became an important figure in the American conservative movement. The period encompassing his presidency is known as the Reagan era.\n\nReagan was elected President of the United States in 1 980\, defeating incumbent President Jimmy Carter.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan SUMMARY:Ronald Reagan END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1981-lech-walesa DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19810101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19820101 DESCRIPTION:Lech Wałęsa is a Polish statesman\, anticommunist dissident a nd Nobel Peace Prize laureate who served as the president of Poland betwee n 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 election\, Wałęsa became the fir st democratically elected president of Poland since 1922 and the first-eve r Polish president elected by popular vote. An electrician by trade\, Wał ęsa became the leader of the opposition Solidarity movement and led a suc cessful pro-democratic effort\, which in 1989 ended Communist rule in Pola nd and ushered in the end of the Cold War.\n\nLeader of the Polish Solidar ity trade union and architect of the Gdańsk Agreement until his arrest by the communist authorities and the imposition of martial law in Poland in December 1981\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa SUMMARY:Lech Wałęsa END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003751Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1982-the-computer DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19820101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19830101 DESCRIPTION:A personal computer (PC)\, or simply computer\, is a computer d esigned for personal use. It is typically used for tasks such as word proc essing\, web browsing\, email\, file management\, spreadsheets\, and video calling.\n\nDenoted "Machine of the Year" to herald the dawn of the Infor mation Age\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer SUMMARY:The Computer END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1983-ronald-reagan-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19830101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19840101 DESCRIPTION:Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and actor who s erved as the 40th president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. A memb er of the Republican Party\, he became an important figure in the American conservative movement. The period encompassing his presidency is known as the Reagan era.\n\nIn 1983\, as President of the United States\, Reagan o rdered the invasion of Grenada and championed the Strategic Defense Initia tive.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan SUMMARY:Ronald Reagan (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1983-yuri-andropov DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19830101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19840101 DESCRIPTION:Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov was a Soviet politician who served as the general secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from l ate 1982 until his death in 1984. He previously served as the chairman of the KGB from 1967 until 1982.\n\nAndropov\, as General Secretary of the Co mmunist Party of the Soviet Union\, was a critic of the Strategic Defense Initiative and tried to revive the stagnating Soviet economy. Andropov was hospitalized in August 1983 and died in 1984.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yuri_Andropov SUMMARY:Yuri Andropov END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1984-peter-ueberroth DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19840101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19850101 DESCRIPTION:Peter Victor Ueberroth is an American sports and business execu tive known for his involvement in the Olympics and in Major League Basebal l. A Los Angeles–based businessman\, he was the chairman of the Los Ange les Olympic Organizing Committee which brought the games to Los Angeles in 1984. Ueberroth was named 1984's Time Man of the Year for his success in organizing the Olympic Games\, and was also named The Sporting News Sports man of the Year.\n\nUeberroth orchestrated the organization of the 1984 Su mmer Olympics\, which involved a Soviet-led boycott.\n\nhttps://en.wikiped ia.org/wiki/Peter_Ueberroth SUMMARY:Peter Ueberroth END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1985-deng-xiaoping-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19850101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19860101 DESCRIPTION:Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese statesman\, revolutionary\, and pol itical theorist who served as the paramount leader of the People's Republi c of China (PRC) from 1978 to 1989. Emerging as China's most influential f igure after Mao Zedong's death in 1976\, Deng consolidated political power and guided the country into an era of reform and opening up that transiti oned the nation toward a socialist market economy. Credited as the "archit ect of modern China"\, he is recognized for shaping both socialism with Ch inese characteristics and Deng Xiaoping Theory.\n\nAs Paramount Leader of China\, Deng acknowledged the need for "sweeping economic reforms that hav e challenged Marxist orthodoxies". In 1985\, Deng had lifted price control s and eased the restrictions on private ownership and business.\n\nhttps:/ /en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping SUMMARY:Deng Xiaoping (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1986-corazon-aquino DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19860101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19870101 DESCRIPTION:María Corazón "Cory" Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino was a Filipino politician who served as the 11th president of the Philippines\, serving from 1986 to 1992. The first female president in Philippine history\, Aqui no was the most prominent figure of the 1986 People Power Revolution\, a n on-violent movement which ended the two-decade rule of President Ferdinand Marcos and led to the establishment of the current democratic Fifth Phili ppine Republic. She has been regarded by media outlets as the "Mother of D emocracy".\n\nAquino was a prominent figure in 1986's People Power Revolut ion\, being elected president of the Philippines.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Corazon_Aquino SUMMARY:Corazon Aquino END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1987-mikhail-gorbachev DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19870101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19880101 DESCRIPTION:Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was a Soviet and Russian politici an who was the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until the country 's dissolution in 1991. He served as General Secretary of the Communist Pa rty from 1985\, and additionally as head of state from 1988. Ideologically \, he initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism\, but moved towards social d emocracy by the early 1990s.\n\nAs general secretary of the Communist Part y of the Soviet Union and leader of the Soviet Union\, Gorbachev oversaw p erestroika and glasnost political reforms in 1987\, aimed at liberalizing Soviet society.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev SUMMARY:Mikhail Gorbachev END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1988-the-endangered-earth DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19880101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19890101 DESCRIPTION:Environmentalism is a broad philosophy\, ideology\, and social movement about supporting life\, habitats\, and surroundings. While enviro nmentalism focuses on the environmental and nature-related aspects of gree n ideology and politics\, ecologism combines the ideology of social ecolog y and environmentalism. Ecologism is a term more commonly used in continen tal European languages\, while environmentalism is more commonly used in E nglish\, but the words have slightly different connotations.\n\nPlanet of the Year\, representing the growing environmental movement as well as seve ral natural and ecological disasters that struck in 1988: among them were the North American drought\, "syringe tide"\, Bangladeshi cyclone and an e arthquake in Armenia\, as well as ozone depletion\, global warming\, radio active contamination and deforestation.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E nvironmentalism SUMMARY:The Endangered Earth END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1989-mikhail-gorbachev-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19890101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19900101 DESCRIPTION:Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was a Soviet and Russian politici an who was the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 until the country 's dissolution in 1991. He served as General Secretary of the Communist Pa rty from 1985\, and additionally as head of state from 1988. Ideologically \, he initially adhered to Marxism–Leninism\, but moved towards social d emocracy by the early 1990s.\n\nAcknowledged as "Man of the Decade". Gorba chev\, as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (So viet leader)\, oversaw 1989's first free Soviet elections in history befor e the fragmentation of the Eastern Bloc and overthrow of Soviet-dominated communist governments in Eastern Europe.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Mikhail_Gorbachev SUMMARY:Mikhail Gorbachev (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1990-george-h-w-bush DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19900101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19910101 DESCRIPTION:George Herbert Walker Bush was the 41st president of the United States\, serving from 1989 to 1993. A member of the Republican Party\, he also served as the 43rd vice president under President Ronald Reagan and previously in various other positions. His son\, George W. Bush\, served a s the 43rd president.\n\nAs President of the United States\, Bush oversaw U.S. involvement in the Gulf War (1990–1991).\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.or g/wiki/George_H._W._Bush SUMMARY:George H. W. Bush END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1991-ted-turner DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19910101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19920101 DESCRIPTION:Robert Edward Turner III was an American businessman\, televisi on producer\, media proprietor\, and philanthropist. He founded CNN\, the first 24-hour cable news channel\, and WTBS\, which pioneered the supersta tion concept in cable television. Turner also founded the television netwo rks TNT\, TBS\, The Cartoon Network\, Inc.\, and Turner Classic Movies\, a nd acquired professional wrestling company Jim Crockett Promotions\, which became the basis of the promotion World Championship Wrestling (WCW).\n\n Founder of CNN. The piece particularly highlighted CNN's coverage of Opera tion Desert Storm and the Gulf War\, proclaiming it "History as it happens ".\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner SUMMARY:Ted Turner END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1992-bill-clinton DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19920101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19930101 DESCRIPTION:William Jefferson Clinton is an American retired politician and lawyer who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. A member of the Democratic Party\, he previously served as the atto rney general of Arkansas from 1977 to 1979\, the governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981\, and governor again from 1983 to 1992. His centrist Third W ay political philosophy became known as Clintonism\, which defined his pre sidency and the succeeding decades of Democratic Party into the 21st centu ry.\n\nClinton was elected President of the United States in 1992\, defeat ing incumbent President George H. W. Bush.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wik i/Bill_Clinton SUMMARY:Bill Clinton END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1993-the-peacemakers DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19930101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19940101 DESCRIPTION:Represented by Yasser Arafat\, F. W. de Klerk\, Nelson Mandela\ , and Yitzhak Rabin. De Klerk\, as State President of South Africa\, overs aw Mandela's release from prison in 1990. In 1993\, the pair were negotiat ing the end of the Apartheid system\, and had just jointly won the Nobel P eace Prize. Arafat\, as President of the Palestinian National Authority\, and Rabin\, as Prime Minister of Israel\, signed the 1993 Oslo Accord\, th e first face-to-face agreement between Palestinian and Israeli authorities . SUMMARY:The Peacemakers END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1994-john-paul-ii DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19940101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19950101 DESCRIPTION:Pope John Paul II was the head of the Catholic Church and sover eign of Vatican City from 16 October 1978 until his death in 2005. He was the first non-Italian pope since Adrian VI in the 16th century\, as well a s the third longest-serving pope in history\, after St. Peter and Pius IX. In addition to this\, he was an important philosopher and theologian of t he 20th century.\n\nPope of the Roman Catholic Church from 1978 to 2005. I n 1994\, he had been active in several social debates: he released a book- length interview and the English translation of the Catechism of the Catho lic Church\, ruled out the ordination of women\, criticized the promotion of abortion and family planning at the Cairo Conference\, and established relations with Israel.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II SUMMARY:John Paul II END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1995-newt-gingrich DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19950101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19960101 DESCRIPTION:Newton Leroy Gingrich is an American politician who served as t he 50th speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. A member of the Republican Party\, he was the U.S. representative f or Georgia's 6th congressional district serving north Atlanta and nearby a reas from 1979 until his resignation in 1999. In 2012\, Gingrich unsuccess fully ran for the Republican nomination for president of the United States .\n\nLeader of the "Republican Revolution"\, a Republican Party election l andslide\, which led to Gingrich being elected Speaker of the House.\n\nht tps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newt_Gingrich SUMMARY:Newt Gingrich END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1996-david-ho DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19960101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19970101 DESCRIPTION:David Da-i Ho is a Taiwanese-American physician-scientist and v irologist known for his contributions to HIV/AIDS research. He pioneered t he use of combination anti-retroviral therapy instead of single therapy in the treatment of HIV infection which transformed HIV from an absolute ter minal disease into a chronic disease.\n\nHo\, a scientist\, pioneered much of AIDS research. In 1996\, he had announced that a medical trial of comb ination therapy had reduced the viral load in HIV-positive patients to lev els too low to be measured\, changing the disease profile from terminal to a manageable disease.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ho SUMMARY:David Ho END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1997-andrew-grove DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19970101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19980101 DESCRIPTION:Andrew "Andy" Stephen Grove was a Hungarian-American businessma n and engineer who served as the third CEO of Intel Corporation. He left H ungary during the 1956 revolution at the age of 20 and moved to the United States\, where he finished his education. He was the third employee and e ventual third CEO of Intel\, transforming the company into the world's lar gest semiconductor company.\n\nIn 1997\, Grove was chairman and CEO of Int el\, recognized as a pioneer in the semiconductor industry and taken as a representative of the Digital Revolution and the tech boom.\n\nhttps://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Grove SUMMARY:Andrew Grove END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1998-bill-clinton-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19980101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19990101 DESCRIPTION:William Jefferson Clinton is an American retired politician and lawyer who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. A member of the Democratic Party\, he previously served as the atto rney general of Arkansas from 1977 to 1979\, the governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981\, and governor again from 1983 to 1992. His centrist Third W ay political philosophy became known as Clintonism\, which defined his pre sidency and the succeeding decades of Democratic Party into the 21st centu ry.\n\nAs President of the United States\, Clinton was impeached in 1998 f ollowing the Lewinsky scandal. The Senate acquitted him of the charges.\n\ nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton SUMMARY:Bill Clinton (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1998-ken-starr DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19980101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19990101 DESCRIPTION:Kenneth Winston Starr was an American lawyer and judge who as i ndependent counsel authored the Starr Report\, which served as the basis o f the impeachment of Bill Clinton. He headed an investigation of members o f the Clinton administration\, known as the Whitewater controversy\, from 1994 to 1998. Starr previously served as a federal appellate judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1983 to 19 89 and as the U.S. solicitor general from 1989 to 1993 during the presiden cy of George H. W. Bush.\n\nStarr\, a lawyer investigating various figures within the Clinton administration\, published his Starr Report in 1998\, opening the door for the impeachment of Bill Clinton.\n\nhttps://en.wikipe dia.org/wiki/Ken_Starr SUMMARY:Ken Starr END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-1999-jeff-bezos DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19990101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20000101 DESCRIPTION:Jeffrey Preston Bezos is an American businessman\, and the foun der\, executive chairman\, and former president and CEO of Amazon\, the wo rld's largest e-commerce and cloud computing company. According to the Blo omberg Billionaires Index and Forbes\, he was the world's wealthiest perso n from 2017 to 2021\, and in 2026\, his net worth was approximately US$284 billion.\n\nBezos is the founder and was the CEO of Amazon.com\, at that point one of the most successful companies in the dot-com boom.\n\nhttps:/ /en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Bezos SUMMARY:Jeff Bezos END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2000-george-w-bush DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20000101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20010101 DESCRIPTION:George Walker Bush is an American former politician\, businessm an\, and Air Force veteran who served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party\, he served as the 46th governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000. He is the eldest son of Geor ge H. W. Bush\, the 41st president of the United States.\n\nIn 2000\, Bush was elected President of the United States\, defeating incumbent Vice Pre sident Al Gore.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush SUMMARY:George W. Bush END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2001-rudy-giuliani DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20010101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20020101 DESCRIPTION:Rudolph William Louis Giuliani is an American politician and di sbarred lawyer who served as the 108th mayor of New York City from 1994 to 2001. He previously served as the U.S. Associate Attorney General from 19 81 to 1983 and the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York fro m 1983 to 1989. Giuliani led the 1980s federal prosecution of New York Cit y mafia bosses as U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York. Aft er a failed campaign for mayor of New York City in the 1989 election\, he succeeded in 1993\, and was reelected in 1997\, campaigning on a "tough on crime" platform. He led New York's controversial "civic cleanup" from 199 4 to 2001\, and appointed William Bratton as New York City's new police co mmissioner. In 2000\, he ran against First Lady Hillary Clinton for a U.S. Senate seat from New York\, but left the race once diagnosed with prostat e cancer. For his mayoral leadership following the September 11 attacks in 2001\, he was called "America's mayor" and was named Time Person of the Y ear for 2001.\n\nGiuliani\, Mayor of New York City at the time of the Sept ember 11 attacks in 2001\, was selected as a symbol of America's response to the attacks.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani SUMMARY:Rudy Giuliani END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2002-the-whistleblowers DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20020101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20030101 DESCRIPTION:Whistleblowing is the activity of a person\, often an employee\ , revealing information about activity within a private or public organiza tion that is deemed wrongful – whether it be illegal\, immoral\, illici t\, unsafe\, unethical\, or fraudulent. Whistleblowers can communicate in a variety of ways internally\, and/or publicly. Over 83% of whistleblowers report internally to a supervisor\, human resources\, compliance\, or a n eutral third party within the company\, hoping that the company will addre ss and correct the issues. A whistleblower can also bring allegations to l ight by communicating with external entities\, often becoming a source in investigative journalism or other media\, or law enforcement or other gove rnment agents. Some countries legislate as to what constitutes a protected disclosure\, and the permissible methods of presenting a disclosure. Whis tleblowing can occur in the private sector or the public sector.\n\nRepres ented by Cynthia Cooper\, Coleen Rowley\, and Sherron Watkins. In 2001\, W atkins uncovered accounting irregularities in the financial reports of Enr on\, testifying before Congressional committees the following year. In 200 2\, Cooper exposed a $3.8 billion fraud at WorldCom. At the time\, this wa s the largest incident of accounting fraud in U.S. history. In 2002\, Rowl ey\, an FBI agent\, gave testimony about the FBI's mishandling of informat ion related to the September 11 attacks of 2001.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.o rg/wiki/Whistleblower SUMMARY:The Whistleblowers END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2003-the-american-soldier-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20030101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20040101 DESCRIPTION:The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the U nited States. United States federal law establishes six armed forces: the Army\, Marine Corps\, Navy\, Air Force\, Space Force\, and Coast Guard\, e ach assigned specific roles and operational domains. With the exception of the Coast Guard\, which operates under the Department of Homeland Securit y (DHS) in peacetime\, the services are organized under the Department of Defense (DoD).\n\nRepresenting U.S. forces around the world\, especially i n the Iraq War (2003–2011)\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_ the_United_States SUMMARY:The American soldier (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2004-george-w-bush-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20040101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20050101 DESCRIPTION:George Walker Bush is an American former politician\, businessm an\, and Air Force veteran who served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party\, he served as the 46th governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000. He is the eldest son of Geor ge H. W. Bush\, the 41st president of the United States.\n\nIn 2004\, Bush was re-elected President of the United States\, defeating John Kerry and overseeing US involvement in the Iraq War.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wik i/George_W._Bush SUMMARY:George W. Bush (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2005-the-good-samaritans DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20050101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20060101 DESCRIPTION:Represented by Bono\, Bill Gates\, and Melinda Gates. Bono\, ph ilanthropist and member of the rock band U2\, helped to organize the 2005 Live 8 concerts. Bill Gates\, founder of Microsoft and richest person in t he world at the time\, and his wife Melinda\, founded the philanthropic Bi ll & Melinda Gates Foundation. SUMMARY:The Good Samaritans END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2006-you DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20060101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20070101 DESCRIPTION:"You" was the official choice for Time's Person of the Year in 2006. The magazine set out to recognize the millions of people who anonymo usly contribute user-generated content to websites such as YouTube\, MySpa ce\, Facebook\, Wikipedia and other wikis\, and the multitudes of other we bsites featuring user contribution.\n\nRepresenting individual content cre ators on the World Wide Web\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You_%28Time_P erson_of_the_Year%29 SUMMARY:You END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2007-vladimir-putin DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20070101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20080101 DESCRIPTION:Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who has served as President of Russia since 2012\, h aving previously served from 2000 to 2008. Putin also served as Prime Mini ster of Russia from 1999 to 2000 and again from 2008 to 2012. He has been described as the de facto leader of Russia since 1999.\n\nPutin was Presid ent of Russia from 2000 to 2008\, and from 2012 onwards. In 2007\, it was apparent that Putin's power would continue after his presidential term exp ired: he had suppressed much of the opposition to his rule\, including hav ing a suspected role in the 2006 assassination of Anna Politkovskaya and p oisoning of Alexander Litvinenko\, and had secured his position as Prime M inister of Russia to his loyalist successor Dmitry Medvedev.\n\nhttps://en .wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Putin SUMMARY:Vladimir Putin END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2008-barack-obama DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20080101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20090101 DESCRIPTION:Barack Hussein Obama II is an American retired politician who s erved as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A memb er of the Democratic Party\, he was the first African American to serve as president. Obama represented Illinois in the United States Senate from 20 05 to 2008 and served as an Illinois state senator from 1997 to 2004.\n\nI n 2008\, Obama was elected President of the United States\, defeating John McCain to become President of the United States in January 2009.\n\nhttps ://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama SUMMARY:Barack Obama END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2009-ben-bernanke DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20090101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20100101 DESCRIPTION:Ben Shalom Bernanke is an American economist who served as the 14th chairman of the Federal Reserve from 2006 to 2014. After leaving the Federal Reserve\, he was appointed a distinguished fellow at the Brookings Institution. During his tenure as chairman\, Bernanke oversaw the Federal Reserve's response to the 2008 financial crisis\, for which he was named the 2009 Time Person of the Year. Before becoming Federal Reserve chairman \, Bernanke was a tenured professor at Princeton University and chaired th e Department of Economics there from 1996 to September 2002\, when he went on public service leave. Bernanke was awarded the 2022 Nobel Memorial Pri ze in Economic Sciences\, jointly with Douglas Diamond and Philip H. Dybvi g\, "for research on banks and financial crises"\, more specifically for h is analysis of the Great Depression.\n\nChairman of the Federal Reserve du ring the 2008 financial crisis and the Great Recession\n\nhttps://en.wikip edia.org/wiki/Ben_Bernanke SUMMARY:Ben Bernanke END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2010-mark-zuckerberg DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20100101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20110101 DESCRIPTION:Mark Elliot Zuckerberg is an American businessman\, webmaster\, and programmer who co-founded the social media service Facebook and its p arent company Meta Platforms. He is its chairman\, chief executive officer (CEO)\, and controlling shareholder.\n\nFounder of the social-networking website Facebook. In 2010\, Facebook passed half a billion users but was i nvolved in privacy disputes\, and Zuckerberg had been the subject of the O scar-winning biographical film The Social Network.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia .org/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg SUMMARY:Mark Zuckerberg END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2011-the-protester DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20110101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20120101 DESCRIPTION:Recognizing the historic significance of many grassroots protes ts across the world during that year\, such as the Arab Spring which start ed in Tunisia and those against austerity measures in Greece and later in Spain\, against corruption in India\, against the drug war in Mexico\, for education in Chile\, for social justice in Israel\, as well as the riots in England\, the anti-government protests in Russia and the emerging globa l Occupy movement SUMMARY:The Protester END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2012-barack-obama-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20120101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20130101 DESCRIPTION:Barack Hussein Obama II is an American retired politician who s erved as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A memb er of the Democratic Party\, he was the first African American to serve as president. Obama represented Illinois in the United States Senate from 20 05 to 2008 and served as an Illinois state senator from 1997 to 2004.\n\nI n 2012\, Obama was re-elected President of the United States\, defeating M itt Romney.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama SUMMARY:Barack Obama (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2013-francis DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20130101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20140101 DESCRIPTION:Pope Francis was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City from 13 March 2013 until his death in 2025. He was the fir st Jesuit pope\, the first Latin American\, and the first pope born or rai sed outside Europe since the 8th-century Syrian pope Gregory III.\n\nElec ted Pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 2013\, following the resignation of Benedict XVI.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Francis SUMMARY:Francis END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2014-ebola-fighters DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20140101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20150101 DESCRIPTION:Orthoebolavirus zairense or Zaire ebolavirus\, more commonly kn own as Ebola virus\, is one of six known species within the genus Orthoebo lavirus. Four of the six known ebolaviruses\, including EBOV\, cause a sev ere and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in humans and other mammals\, known as Ebola virus disease (EVD). Ebola virus has caused the majority of human deaths from EVD\, and was the cause of the 2013–2016 epidemic in wester n Africa\, which resulted in at least 28\,646 suspected cases and 11\,323 confirmed deaths.\n\n"Ebola fighters" refers to health care workers who he lped stop the spread of the Ebola virus during the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa\, including not only doctors and nurses\, but also ambulance attendants\, burial parties and others. {{Collapsible list\n\nhttps://en.w ikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus SUMMARY:Ebola fighters END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2015-angela-merkel DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20150101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20160101 DESCRIPTION:Angela Dorothea Merkel is a German stateswoman and retired poli tician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021. She is the o nly woman to have held the office and the only former East German. She was Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2005 and Leader of the Christian De mocratic Union (CDU) from 2000 to 2018.\n\nChancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021\, recognized for leadership in the Greek debt crisis and European migrant crisis\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Merkel SUMMARY:Angela Merkel END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2016-donald-trump DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20160101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20170101 DESCRIPTION:Donald John Trump is an American politician\, media personality \, and businessman who is the 47th president of the United States. A membe r of the Republican Party\, he served as the 45th president from 2017 to 2 021.\n\nIn 2016\, Trump was elected President of the United States\, defea ting Hillary Clinton.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump SUMMARY:Donald Trump END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2017-the-silence-breakers DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20170101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20180101 DESCRIPTION:The Silence BreakersThe people who spoke out against sexual abu se and harassment\, including the figureheads of the American MeToo moveme nt that went viral in 2017. Represented on the cover by strawberry picker Isabel Pascual (pseudonym)\, lobbyist Adama Iwu\, actress Ashley Judd\, so ftware engineer Susan Fowler\, singer-songwriter Taylor Swift\, and a sixt h woman\, a hospital worker who wished to remain anonymous and whose face cannot be seen. {{Collapsible list SUMMARY:The Silence Breakers END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2018-the-guardians DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20180101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20190101 DESCRIPTION:Journalists who faced persecution\, arrest or murder for their reporting. Those highlighted on four different covers were: *Jamal Khashog gi\, Washington Post columnist murdered for his criticism of the Saudi cro wn prince\; *Maria Ressa\, editor of the Philippine news website Rappler\, who was indicted for her critical coverage of Rodrigo Duterte's controver sially violent policies\; *Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo\, Reuters journalists c aptured in Myanmar while investigating the Inn Din massacre\; *the staff o f The Capital\, a Maryland newspaper whose office was targeted by a gunman who killed five of its employees in a mass shooting. SUMMARY:The Guardians END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2019-greta-thunberg DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20190101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20200101 DESCRIPTION:Greta Tintin Eleonora Ernman Thunberg is a Swedish activist kno wn for pressuring governments to address climate change and social issues. She gained global attention in 2018\, at age 15\, after starting a solo school strike outside the Swedish parliament\, which inspired the worldwid e Fridays for Future movement.\n\nSwedish environmental activist and found er of the School Strike for Climate campaign. In 2019\, Thunberg led the G lobal Week for Future with over four million protestors and addressed the 2019 UN Climate Action Summit with her "How Dare You" speech.\n\nhttps://e n.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greta_Thunberg SUMMARY:Greta Thunberg END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2020-joe-biden DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20200101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20210101 DESCRIPTION:Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. is an American retired politician wh o served as the 46th president of the United States from 2021 to 2025. A m ember of the Democratic Party\, he represented Delaware in the United Stat es Senate from 1973 to 2009 and also served as the 47th vice president und er President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2017.\n\nIn 2020\, Biden and Harris were elected President and Vice President of the United States respective ly\, defeating incumbent President Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pe nce. In January 2021\, Harris became the first woman\, first African Ameri can\, and first Asian American vice president.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Joe_Biden SUMMARY:Joe Biden END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2020-kamala-harris DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20200101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20210101 DESCRIPTION:Kamala Devi Harris is an American politician and attorney who s erved as the 49th vice president of the United States from 2021 to 2025 un der President Joe Biden. A member of the Democratic Party\, she was the pa rty's nominee in the 2024 presidential election. Of Indian and Jamaican pa rentage\, she is the first female\, first African American\, and first Asi an American vice president\, and the highest-ranking female and Asian publ ic official in U.S. history. Harris represented California in the United S tates Senate from 2017 to 2021 and was the attorney general of California from 2011 to 2017.\n\nIn 2020\, Biden and Harris were elected President an d Vice President of the United States respectively\, defeating incumbent P resident Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pence. In January 2021\, Har ris became the first woman\, first African American\, and first Asian Amer ican vice president.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamala_Harris SUMMARY:Kamala Harris END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2021-elon-musk DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20210101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20220101 DESCRIPTION:Elon Reeve Musk is a businessman\, industrialist\, and former p ublic official who is the chief executive officer (CEO) and largest shareh older of Tesla and SpaceX. Musk has been the wealthiest person in the worl d since 2025\, and briefly became the only trillionaire in June 2026\; as of September 2026\, Forbes estimates his net worth to be US$964 billion.\n \nCEO of Tesla\, Inc.\, founder and CEO of SpaceX. In 2021\, Musk had beco me the richest person in the world and first person reported to have a net worth of over 300 billion US dollars. Recognized for the achievements of stated companies in the prior years\, including the first all-civilian orb ital flight\, as well as his public image and controversies.\n\nhttps://en .wikipedia.org/wiki/Elon_Musk SUMMARY:Elon Musk END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2022-volodymyr-zelenskyy DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20220101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20230101 DESCRIPTION:Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Zelenskyy is a Ukrainian politician an d former entertainer who has served as the sixth president of Ukraine sinc e 2019. He took office five years after the start of the Russo-Ukrainian w ar with Russia's annexation of Crimea and invasion of the Donbas\, and has continued to serve during the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine\, wh ich has been ongoing since February 2022.\n\nPresident of Ukraine since 20 19\, and supreme commander-in-chief during the 2022 Russian invasion of Uk raine\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy SUMMARY:Volodymyr Zelenskyy END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2022-the-spirit-of-ukraine DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20220101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20230101 DESCRIPTION:"The Spirit of Ukraine" represents the "resilience of the Ukrai nian people and the Ukrainian resistance\, as well as foreign aid to Ukrai ne". SUMMARY:The Spirit of Ukraine END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2023-taylor-swift-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20230101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20240101 DESCRIPTION:Taylor Alison Swift is an American singer-songwriter. An influe ntial figure in popular culture\, Swift is known for her autobiographical songwriting and artistic reinventions. She is the highest-grossing live mu sic artist\, the wealthiest female musician\, and one of the best-selling music artists of all time.\n\nSinger-songwriter whose 2023–2024 Eras Tou r became the highest-grossing concert tour of all time. The tour had a sig nificant cultural and economic impact in 2023. Time described Swift as the first Person of the Year to be recognized for their "achievement in the a rts". Swift was also on the 2017 Person of the Year cover\, called "The Si lence Breakers". She was noted by the magazine as the first woman to appea r twice on a Person of the Year cover.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta ylor_Swift SUMMARY:Taylor Swift (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2024-donald-trump-2nd-time DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20240101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20250101 DESCRIPTION:Donald John Trump is an American politician\, media personality \, and businessman who is the 47th president of the United States. A membe r of the Republican Party\, he served as the 45th president from 2017 to 2 021.\n\nIn 2024\, Trump was elected President of the United States for the second time\, defeating incumbent Vice President Kamala Harris and becomi ng the second president to win two nonconsecutive terms after Grover Cleve land in 1892. He survived an assassination attempt in the summer while on the campaign trail.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump SUMMARY:Donald Trump (2nd time) END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T003752Z UID:time-person-of-the-year-poty-2025-the-architects-of-ai DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20250101 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20260101 DESCRIPTION:Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capability of computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence\, s uch as learning\, reasoning\, problem-solving\, perception\, and decision- making. It is a field of research in engineering\, mathematics\, and compu ter science that develops and studies methods and software that enable mac hines to perceive their environment and use learning and intelligence to t ake actions that maximise their chances of achieving defined goals.\n\nHig hlights the "architects" behind the rapid development of artificial intell igence (AI) technology\, resulting in the AI boom that in 2025 dominated t ech development.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence SUMMARY:The Architects of AI END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR