BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:icalendar-ruby CALSCALE:GREGORIAN METHOD:PUBLISH BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1886-wilhelm-steinitz DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:18860224 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:18940526 DESCRIPTION:William Steinitz was a Bohemian-Austrian\, and later American\, chess player. From 1886 to 1894\, he was the first World Chess Champion. He was also a highly influential writer and chess theoretician.\n\nWorld C hampion 1886–1894.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Steinitz SUMMARY:Wilhelm Steinitz END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1894-emanuel-lasker DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:18940526 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19210428 DESCRIPTION:Emanuel Lasker was a German chess player\, mathematician\, and philosopher. He was the second World Chess Champion\, holding the title fo r 27 years\, from 1894 to 1921\, the longest reign of any officially recog nised World Chess Champion\, winning 6 World Chess Championships. In his p rime\, Lasker was one of the most dominant champions.\n\nWorld Champion 18 94–1921.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emanuel_Lasker SUMMARY:Emanuel Lasker END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1921-jose-raul-capablanca DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19210428 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19271130 DESCRIPTION:José Raúl Capablanca y Graupera was a Cuban chess player who was the third world chess champion from 1921 to 1927. A chess prodigy\, he was widely renowned for his exceptional endgame skill and speed of play.\ n\nWorld Champion 1921–1927.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_ Ra%C3%BAl_Capablanca SUMMARY:José Raúl Capablanca END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1927-alexander-alekhine DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19271130 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19351213 DESCRIPTION:Alexander Alexandrovich Alekhine was a Russian and French chess player and the fourth World Chess Champion\, a title he held for two reig ns.\n\nWorld Champion 1927–1935.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexan der_Alekhine SUMMARY:Alexander Alekhine END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1935-max-euwe DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19351213 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19371204 DESCRIPTION:Machgielis "Max" Euwe was a Dutch chess player\, mathematician\ , author\, and chess administrator. He was the fifth player to become Worl d Chess Champion\, a title he held from 1935 until 1937. He served as Pres ident of FIDE\, the World Chess Federation\, from 1970 to 1978.\n\nWorld C hampion 1935–1937.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Euwe SUMMARY:Max Euwe END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1937-alexander-alekhine DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19371204 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19480517 DESCRIPTION:Alexander Alexandrovich Alekhine was a Russian and French chess player and the fourth World Chess Champion\, a title he held for two reig ns.\n\nWorld Champion 1937–1946.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexan der_Alekhine SUMMARY:Alexander Alekhine END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1948-mikhail-botvinnik DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19480517 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19570427 DESCRIPTION:Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik was a Soviet and Russian chess gr andmaster who held five world titles in three different reigns. The sixth World Chess Champion\, he also worked as an electrical engineer and comput er scientist and was a pioneer in computer chess\, the last of which he wa s awarded an honorary mathematics degree for.\n\nWorld Champion 1948–195 7.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik SUMMARY:Mikhail Botvinnik END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1957-vasily-smyslov DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19570427 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19580509 DESCRIPTION:Vasily Vasilyevich Smyslov was a Soviet and Russian chess grand master who was the seventh World Chess Champion from 1957 to 1958. He was a Candidate for the World Chess Championship on eight occasions. Smyslov t wice tied for first place at the USSR Chess Championships\, and his total of 17 Chess Olympiad medals won is an all-time record. In five European Te am Championships\, Smyslov won ten gold medals.\n\nWorld Champion 1957–1 958.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasily_Smyslov SUMMARY:Vasily Smyslov END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1958-mikhail-botvinnik DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19580509 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19600513 DESCRIPTION:Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik was a Soviet and Russian chess gr andmaster who held five world titles in three different reigns. The sixth World Chess Champion\, he also worked as an electrical engineer and comput er scientist and was a pioneer in computer chess\, the last of which he wa s awarded an honorary mathematics degree for.\n\nWorld Champion 1958–196 0.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik SUMMARY:Mikhail Botvinnik END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023939Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1960-mikhail-tal DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19600513 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19610513 DESCRIPTION:Mikhail Tal was a Soviet Latvian chess grandmaster and the eigh th World Chess Champion. He is considered a creative genius and is widely regarded as one of the most influential players in chess history. Tal play ed in an attacking and combinatorial style. His play was known for improvi sation and unpredictability. Vladislav Zubok said of him\, "Every game for him was as inimitable and invaluable as a poem".\n\nWorld Champion 1960 –1961.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Tal SUMMARY:Mikhail Tal END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1961-mikhail-botvinnik DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19610513 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19630520 DESCRIPTION:Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik was a Soviet and Russian chess gr andmaster who held five world titles in three different reigns. The sixth World Chess Champion\, he also worked as an electrical engineer and comput er scientist and was a pioneer in computer chess\, the last of which he wa s awarded an honorary mathematics degree for.\n\nWorld Champion 1961–196 3.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik SUMMARY:Mikhail Botvinnik END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1963-tigran-petrosian DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19630520 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19690617 DESCRIPTION:Tigran Vardani Petrosian was a Soviet-Armenian chess grandmaste r. The ninth World Chess Champion from 1963 to 1969\, he was nicknamed "Ir on Tigran" due to his almost-impenetrable defensive playing style\, which emphasized safety above all else. Petrosian is often credited with popular izing chess in Armenia.\n\nWorld Champion 1963–1969.\n\nhttps://en.wikip edia.org/wiki/Tigran_Petrosian SUMMARY:Tigran Petrosian END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1969-boris-spassky DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19690617 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19720901 DESCRIPTION:Boris Vasilyevich Spassky was a Soviet and Russian chess grandm aster who was the tenth World Chess Champion\, holding the title from 1969 to 1972. Spassky played three world championship matches: he lost to Tigr an Petrosian in 1966\; defeated Petrosian in 1969 to become world champion \; then lost to Bobby Fischer in a famous match in 1972.\n\nWorld Champion 1969–1972.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Spassky SUMMARY:Boris Spassky END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1972-bobby-fischer DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19720901 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19750601 DESCRIPTION:Robert James Fischer was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. A chess prodigy\, he won his first of a rec ord eight US Championships at the age of 14. In 1964\, he won with an 11 –0 score\, the only perfect score in the history of the tournament. Qual ifying for the 1972 World Championship\, Fischer swept matches with Mark T aimanov and Bent Larsen by 6–0 scores. After winning another qualifying match against Tigran Petrosian\, Fischer won the title match against Boris Spassky of the USSR\, in Reykjavík\, Iceland. Publicized as a Cold War c onfrontation between the US and USSR\, the match attracted more worldwide interest than any chess championship before or since.\n\nWorld Champion 19 72–1975.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Fischer SUMMARY:Bobby Fischer END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1975-anatoly-karpov DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19750601 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:19851109 DESCRIPTION:Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov is a Russian and former Soviet ches s grandmaster\, former World Chess Champion\, ⁣and politician. He was th e 12th World Chess Champion\, from 1975 to 1985\, a three-time FIDE World Champion\, twice World Chess champion as a member of the USSR team\, a six -time winner of Chess Olympiads as a member of the USSR team\, and the 1st World Rapid Chess Champion (1988). The International Association of Chess Press awarded him nine Chess Oscars.\n\nWorld Champion 1975–1985.\n\nht tps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatoly_Karpov SUMMARY:Anatoly Karpov END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-1985-garry-kasparov DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:19851109 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20001104 DESCRIPTION:Garry Kimovich Kasparov is a Russian chess grandmaster\, politi cal activist and writer\, who was the World Chess Champion from 1985 to 20 00. His peak FIDE chess rating of 2851\, achieved in 1999\, was the highes t recorded until being surpassed by Magnus Carlsen in 2013. From 1984 unti l his retirement from regular competitive chess in 2005\, Kasparov was ran ked the world's No. 1 player for a record 255 months overall. Kasparov als o holds records for the most consecutive professional tournament victories (15) and Chess Oscars (11).\n\nWorld Champion 1985–2000.\n\nhttps://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Garry_Kasparov SUMMARY:Garry Kasparov END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-2000-vladimir-kramnik DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20001104 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20070930 DESCRIPTION:Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik is a Russian chess grandmaster. He was the Classical World Chess Champion from 2000 to 2006\, and the 14th un disputed World Chess Champion from 2006 to 2007.\n\nWorld Champion 2000– 2007.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik SUMMARY:Vladimir Kramnik END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-2007-viswanathan-anand DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20070930 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20131128 DESCRIPTION:Viswanathan "Vishy" Anand is an Indian chess grandmaster. Anand is a four-time undisputed World Chess Champion\, a FIDE World Chess Champ ion\, a 13-time World Rapid Chess Champion\, and a World Blitz Chess Champ ion. He became the first grandmaster from India in 1988 and became the fou rth player in history to pass the 2800 Elo mark on the FIDE rating list In April 2006. He occupied the number-one position for 21 months\, the sixth -longest period on record\, and has the eighth-highest peak FIDE rating of all time.\n\nWorld Champion 2007–2013.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki /Viswanathan_Anand SUMMARY:Viswanathan Anand END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-2013-magnus-carlsen DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20131128 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20230430 DESCRIPTION:Sven Magnus Øen Carlsen is a Norwegian chess grandmaster. Carl sen is a five-time World Chess Champion\, reigning six-time World Rapid Ch ess Champion\, reigning nine-time World Blitz Chess Champion and the reign ing FIDE Freestyle Chess World Champion. Carlsen has held the No. 1 positi on in the FIDE rankings since 1 July 2011\, the longest consecutive perio d\, and trails only Garry Kasparov in time spent as the highest-rated play er in the world. Without accounting for rating inflation\, his peak rating of 2882 is the highest rating achieved since 1970. He also holds the reco rd for the longest unbeaten streak at the elite level in classical chess a t 125 games.\n\nWorld Champion 2013–2023.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wi ki/Magnus_Carlsen SUMMARY:Magnus Carlsen END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-2023-ding-liren DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20230430 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20241212 DESCRIPTION:Ding Liren is a Chinese chess grandmaster who was the 17th Worl d Chess Champion from 2023–24. He is a three-time Chinese Chess Champion and was part of the Chinese teams that won the Chess Olympiads in 2014 an d 2018. Ding is the first Chinese player ever to play in a Candidates Tour nament and the only Chinese player to pass the 2800 Elo mark on the FIDE w orld rankings. In July 2016\, with a blitz rating of 2875\, he was the hig hest-rated Blitz player in the world. In July 2023\, Ding became the No.  1 ranked Rapid player\, with a rating of 2830. He achieved his highest cla ssical rating of 2816 in November 2018 and a peak classical ranking of No.  2 in November 2021 behind Magnus Carlsen.\n\nWorld Champion 2023–2024. \n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ding_Liren SUMMARY:Ding Liren END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT DTSTAMP:20261017T023940Z UID:world-chess-champions-chess-2024-gukesh-dommaraju DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20241212 DTEND;VALUE=DATE:20261018 DESCRIPTION:Gukesh Dommaraju is an Indian chess grandmaster and the reignin g World Chess Champion. A chess prodigy\, Gukesh is the youngest undispute d World Champion\; the youngest player to have surpassed a FIDE rating of 2750\, doing so at the age of 17\; and the third-youngest to have surpasse d 2700 Elo at age 16. He earned the title of grandmaster at age 12 and is the fourth-youngest grandmaster in chess history.\n\nWorld Champion 2024 –present.\n\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gukesh_Dommaraju SUMMARY:Gukesh Dommaraju END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR