Uthman ibn Affan was the third and longest-reigned Rashidun caliph, ruling from 644 until his assassination in 656. He was also a second cousin, son-in-law, and senior companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and played a major role in early Islamic history. He is most famously known for the compilation and distribution of the standardized version of the Quran during his reign, known as the Uthmanic codex. This standardization established a uniform written text of the Quran, and the Uthmanic codex forms the basis of the Quran used by Muslims today. 574 – June 17, 656; died at about 82. Alive at the same time as Muhammad, Brahmagupta, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, Umar ibn Al-Khattāb, and Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib. Wiki link