Congress has the power to enact immigration and nationality laws, even those that abrogate prior treaties, immigration and nationality laws are an exclusively federal matter, and immigration and nationality laws are owed broad judicial deference, subject only to minimal judicial review. Decided May 13, 1889 (argued 1889). Opinion of the Court: Stephen Johnson Field → go there Topic: Separation of powers. Chae Chan Ping v. United States, 130 U.S. 581 (1889), or The Chinese Exclusion Case, is a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that upheld the constitutionality of the Scott Act of 1888, a follow-up to the Chinese Exclusion Act. The Scott Act barred Chinese laborers from reentry to the United States. Wiki link