The federal government and the states can limit access to all weapons that do not have "some reasonable relationship to the preservation or efficiency of a well regulated militia." Decided May 15, 1939 (argued March 30, 1939). Opinion of the Court: James Clark McReynolds → go there Topic: Second Amendment rights. United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939), is a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that involved a Second Amendment to the United States Constitution challenge to the National Firearms Act of 1934 (NFA). The case is often cited in the ongoing American gun politics debate, as both sides claim that it supports their position. Wiki link