Joseph Erlanger was an American physiologist who is best known for his contributions to the field of neuroscience. Together with Herbert Spencer Gasser, he identified several varieties of nerve fiber and established the relationship between action potential velocity and fiber diameter. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1944 for these achievements. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944, announced October 26, 1944. Joseph Erlanger and Herbert S. Gasser, “for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres”. Joseph Erlanger: born 1874, San Francisco, CA, USA. Herbert S. Gasser: born 1888, Platteville, WI, USA. Wiki link Wiki link Data: the Nobel Foundation (CC0).