William Francis Giauque was a Canadian-born American chemist and Nobel laureate. He was recognized in 1949, for his studies in the properties of matter, at temperatures close to absolute zero. He spent virtually all of his educational and professional career at the University of California, Berkeley. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1949, announced November 3, 1949. William F. Giauque, “for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures”. William F. Giauque: born 1895, Niagara Falls, Canada. Wiki link Data: the Nobel Foundation (CC0).