Robert Hofstadter was an American physicist. He was the joint winner of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his consequent discoveries concerning the structure of nucleons". The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961, announced November 2, 1961. Robert Hofstadter (1/2), “for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons”. Rudolf Mössbauer (1/2), “for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name”. Robert Hofstadter: born 1915, New York, NY, USA. Rudolf Mössbauer: born 1929, Munich, Germany. Wiki link Wiki link Data: the Nobel Foundation (CC0).