Martin Luther King Jr. was an American civil rights activist and Baptist minister who was a prominent leader of the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968. He advanced civil rights for people of color in the United States through the use of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience against Jim Crow laws and other forms of legalized discrimination, which most commonly affected African Americans. The Nobel Peace Prize 1964, announced October 14, 1964. Martin Luther King Jr., “for his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population”. Martin Luther King Jr.: born 1929, Atlanta, GA, USA. Wiki link Data: the Nobel Foundation (CC0).