Robert William Holley was an American biochemist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 for describing the structure of alanine transfer RNA, linking DNA and protein synthesis. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968, announced October 16, 1968. Robert W. Holley, H. Gobind Khorana, and Marshall W. Nirenberg, “for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis”. Robert W. Holley: born 1922, Urbana, IL, USA. H. Gobind Khorana: born 1922, Raipur, India. Marshall W. Nirenberg: born 1927, New York, NY, USA. Wiki link Wiki link Wiki link Data: the Nobel Foundation (CC0).