Katalin "Kati" Karikó is a Hungarian and American biochemist who specializes in ribonucleic acid (RNA)-mediated mechanisms, particularly in vitro-transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA) for protein replacement therapy. Karikó laid the scientific groundwork for mRNA vaccines, overcoming major obstacles and skepticism in the scientific community. Karikó received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2023 for her work, along with American immunologist Drew Weissman. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023, announced October 2, 2023. Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman, “for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19”. Katalin Karikó: born 1955, Szolnok, Hungary. Drew Weissman: born 1959, Lexington, MA, USA. Wiki link Wiki link Data: the Nobel Foundation (CC0).