A Russian mars flyby probe intended to photograph Mars. The second stage failed. October 10, 1960 at 14:27 UTC · Launch Failure Molniya 8K78 — Soviet Space Program, to Mars flyby 1/5, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan The world's 80th orbital launch attempt, and 26th of 1960. Data: Launch Library 2, The Space Devs. Image via The Space Devs.