Modified Venera-type spacecraft designed to flyby Mars at a distance of about 11,000 km. October 24, 1962 at 17:55 UTC · Launch Failure Molniya 8K78 — Soviet Space Program, to Mars flyby 1/5, Baikonur Cosmodrome, Republic of Kazakhstan The world's 207th orbital launch attempt, and 65th of 1962. Data: Launch Library 2, The Space Devs. Image via The Space Devs.